During the Second World War, Filottrano experienced extremely difficult times. For ten days, the town—situated between two opposing armies—endured a fierce battle that ended with the withdrawal of German troops on July 9, 1944. The invaluable contribution of the Nembo Paratroopers Division of the Italian Liberation Corps and the Polish Corps, both under the command of the British Eighth Army, was crucial in liberating the town from German occupation. To commemorate these challenging times, Filottrano was awarded the Silver Medal for Civil Merit on September 29, 1989.

Torn and devastated, Filottrano was reborn into the homeland and freedom on July 9, 1944, thanks to the Nembo Paratroopers Division of the Italian Liberation Corps, with the support of units from the 2nd Polish Corps.

As a permanent reminder of those tragic and heroic days, on July 8, 2017, the new museum was inaugurated. It preserves numerous important original artifacts and documents from the period. The museum is arranged with thematic reconstructions and multimedia systems, allowing visitors to deepen their understanding of the events that took place in Filottrano more than seventy years ago.